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Sustained efficacy and
safety of idebenone in the treatment of
Alzheimer's disease:
update on a 2-year double-blind multicentre study.
Gutzmann H, Hadler D.
Krankenhaus Hellersdorf,
o.B. Wilhelm-Griesinger-Krankenhaus, Abteilung fur
Gerontopsychiatrie, Berlin, Republic of Germany.
J Neural Transm Suppl 1998;54:301-10
Abstract
The 2-year efficacy and safety of idebenone were studied in a prospective,
randomized, double-blind multicentre study in 3 parallel groups of patients
with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) of mild to moderate degree. A total
of 450 patients were randomized to either placebo for 12 months, followed by
idebenone 90 mg tid for another 12 months (n = 153) or idebenone 90 mg tid for
24 months (n = 148) or 120 mg tid for 24 months (n = 149). The primary outcome
measure was the total score of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Total)
at month 6. Secondary outcome measures were the ADAS cognitive (ADAS-Cog) and
noncognitive score (ADAS-Noncog), the clinical global response
(CGI-Improvement), the SKT neuropsychological test battery, and the Nurses'
Observation Scale for Geriatric Patients (NOSGER-Total and IADL subscale).
Safety parameters were adverse events, vital signs, ECG and clinical
laboratory parameters. During the placebo controlled period (the first year of
treatment), idebenone showed statistically significant dose-dependent
improvement in the primary efficacy variable ADAS-Total and in all the
secondary efficacy variables. There was no evidence for a loss of efficacy
during the second year of treatment, as a further improvement of most efficacy
variables was found in the second year in comparison to the results at the 12
months visit. Also, a clear dose effect relationship (placebo/90 mg <
idebenone 90 mg < idebenone 120 mg) was maintained throughout the second
year of treatment. This suggests that idebenone exerts its beneficial
therapeutic effects on the course of the disease by slowing down its
progression. Safety and tolerability of idebenone were good and similar to
placebo during the first year of treatment and did not change during the
second year
Idebenone
- the ultimate anti-aging drug. (article)
Alzheimer's disease
Idebenone in
the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Idebenone
efficacy of idebenone in the treatment of Alzheimer's
disease
Idebenone
Nerve Growth Factor synthesis stimulators in Alzheimer's
disease
Idebenone
in the treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer type
Idebenone
cognitive enhancement therapy for Alzheimer's
disease
MELAS
Idebenone
improves cerebral mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in MELAS
Idebenone
in young patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy (MELAS)
Idebenone
therapy in Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy (MELAS)
Idebenone
and Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy (MELAS)
Idebenone
successful therapy with idebenone in Mitochondrial
encephalomyopathy (MELAS)
.
Cardiomyopathy
Idebenone
improvement in mitochondrial cardiomyopathy following
treatment with idebenone
Idebenone
effect of idebenone on
cardiomyopathy in Friedreich's ataxia
.
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)
Idebenone
does it shorten the time to visual recovery in Leber hereditary optic
neuropathy?
Idebenone
improvement in a patient with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON)
Misc.
Idebenone
use in age-related cognitive disorders
Idebenone
protects hippocampal neurons against beta amyloid neurotoxicity
Idebenone
functions as a potent protective
hepatocyte antioxidant
Idebenone
neuroprotective effects of
idebenone can be attributed to its antioxidant ability
Idebenone
inhibition of brain mitochondrial
swelling
Idebenone
suppression of cold ischemia/reperfusion
injury of liver endothelium
Idebenone
ability to eliminate a nitroxide
radical in the rat
Idebenone
interaction with respiratory complexes of heart
mitochondria
Idebenone
effect on serotonin release and seroton receptors in rats
Idebenone
protects hepatic microsomes against damage in organ preservation solutions
Idebenone
protects against toxicity
induced by low density lipoprotein
Idebenone
protects against disorders due to cerebral hypoxia or
ischemia
Idebenone
protects against toxicity induced by low density
lipoprotein
Idebenone
attenuates neuronal degeneration induced by excitotoxins
Idebenone
augments long-term potentiation in
hippocampal slices in the guinea pig
Idebenoneeffects
on lipid peroxidation
in erythrocytes of stroke-prone, hypertensive rats
Idebenone
brain distribution and its effect on local cerebral
glucose utilization in rats
Idebenone
effects
on acetylcholine levels
in the brains of rats with cerebral ischemia
Idebenone
protective effect of idebenone against hypoxia in mice
Idebenone
improves learning and memory impairment induced in rats
Idebenone
effects
of idebenone on
neurological deficits in stroke-prone rats
Idebenone
effects
on memory induced impairment in rats
Idebenone
effects of idebenone on cerebral blood flow in rats with cerebral ischemia
Idebenone
inhibition
of brain mitochondrial swelling by idebenone
Idebenone
inhibition of platelet aggregation by
idebenone
Idebenone
effects of idebenone on monoamine metabolites of patients
with dementia
Idebenone
effects of idebenone on
metabolism of monoamines and cyclic AMP formation
Idebenone effects
on impairment of radial maze learning in cerebral embolized rats
Idebenone
effect of idebenone on lipid peroxidation in rat
brain homogenate
Idebenone
effects on muricidal behavior in rats with raphe
lesions
Idebenone inhibitory effect of idebenone on vascular lesions in
hypertensive rats
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